It is an acute, infectious, and fatal disease of cattle, sheep, and goats.
Affected animals develop skeletal muscle damage, severe gangrenous, necrotizing, emphysematous myositis, and fatal systemic toxemia.
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Anthrax (Etiology, transmission, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, and control)
It is a peracute, acute, and septicaemic disease of cattle and sheep leading to sudden death.
The extensive enlargement of the spleen given this disease the name splenic fever.
It is a zoonotic disease spread from infected animals to humans during the processing of wool and hides.
Sources of drugs
They are natural, semisynthetic, and synthetic. Natural resources are plants, animals, minerals, microorganisms, etc. Semisynthetic drugs are obtained from natural sources and are chemically modified later. Synthetic drugs are produced artificially. The different sources of drugs are:
Route of Drug Administration
Local Routes:
It is the simplest mode of administration of a drug at the site where the desired action is required.
Systemic side effects are minimal.
Nomenclature of Drugs
Chemical name: It denotes the chemical structure of the drug, e.g. acetylsalicylic acid is the chemical name of aspirin and N-acetyl-p-aminophenol for paracetamol. It is not suitable for use in a prescription.
Introduction to general pharmacology
World Health Organisation (WHO) defines drug as ‘any substance or product that is used or intended to be used to modify or explore physiological systems or pathological states for the benefit of the recipient’.
Antitubercular drugs: Introduction, classification and mode of action
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by M. tuberculosis, an acid-fast bacillus (AFB).
Mycobacterial infections require prolonged treatment. Since TB is a chronic infection, it consists of excessive fibrous tissue with central necrosis. So vascularity of the lesion is poor; hence, the penetration of the drug into the lesion is decreased.
Antiseptic and Disinfectant
Antiseptic: It is an agent used to eliminate microorganisms on living tissues.
Disinfectant: It is an agent used to eliminate microorganisms on inanimate objects.
Anti-fungal drugs: Introduction, classification and mechanism of action
The use of antifungal drugs in human and veterinary medicine has increased in recent years.
Antiviral drugs: Introduction, classification and mode of action
with virus-specific events in replication, including viral attachment, uncoating, assembly, and virus-directed macromolecular synthesis. As a result, antiviral agents typically have a restricted spectrum of activity.